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Shloka 20

Rathaghoṣa–Saṃjñāna: Damayantī’s Inference and the Dispatch of the Envoy (Āraṇyaka-parva, Adhyāya 71)

ततो युक्त रथं राजा समारोहत्‌ त्वरान्वित: । अथ पर्यपतन्‌ भूमौ जानुभिस्ते हयोत्तमा:,जुते हुए रथपर राजा ऋतुपर्ण बड़ी उतावलीके साथ सवार हुए। इसलिये उनके चढ़ते ही वे उत्तम घोड़े घुटनोंके बल पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़े

tato yukta-rathaṁ rājā samārohat tvarānvitaḥ | atha paryapatan bhūmau jānubhis te hayottamāḥ ||

Then King R̥tupārṇa, in great haste, mounted the chariot that had been made ready. As soon as he climbed aboard, those excellent horses sank down to the ground on their knees.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
युक्तम्yoked, harnessed
युक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समारोहत्mounted, ascended
समारोहत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-रुह्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वरा-अन्वितःendowed with haste; hurried
त्वरा-अन्वितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरान्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen, and then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
पर्यपतन्fell down, collapsed
पर्यपतन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-पत्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
जानुभिःwith (their) knees
जानुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजानु
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तेthose, they
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हय-उत्तमाःexcellent horses
हय-उत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहयोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

ऋचुपर्ण उवाच

Ṛtupārṇa (king)
C
chariot (ratha)
E
excellent horses (hayottamāḥ)
G
ground/earth (bhūmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse implicitly contrasts human haste with the physical limits of living beings: urgency in pursuit of one’s goal should be tempered by awareness of the burden placed on others, even when they are strong and well-trained.

King Ṛtupārṇa, eager to depart quickly, mounts a chariot already harnessed; the powerful horses, affected by the sudden pressure and haste, drop to the ground on their knees as he boards.