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Shloka 39

कर्कोटक-उपदेशः

Karkoṭaka’s Counsel and Nala’s Concealment

उक्तमात्रे तु वचने तथा स मृगजीवन: । व्यसु: पपात मेदिन्यामग्निदग्ध इव द्रुम:,दमयन्तीके इतना कहते ही वह व्याध आगसे जले हुए वृक्षकी भाँति प्राणशून्य होकर पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़ा

uktamātre tu vacane tathā sa mṛgajīvanaḥ | vyasuḥ papāta medinyām agnidagdha iva drumaḥ ||

As soon as those words were spoken, the hunter—whose livelihood depended on killing deer—collapsed lifeless upon the earth, like a tree scorched and felled by fire.

उक्तमात्रेupon merely being spoken
उक्तमात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्तमात्र (उक्त + मात्र)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वचनेin (that) speech/word
वचने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (स)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृगजीवनःthe hunter/living by deer (i.e., deer-slayer)
मृगजीवनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृगजीवन (मृग + जीवन)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यसुःlifeless
व्यसुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यसु (वि + असु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पपातfell
पपात:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेदिन्याम्on the earth
मेदिन्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमेदिनी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अग्निदग्धःburnt by fire
अग्निदग्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्निदग्ध (अग्नि + दग्ध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
द्रुमःa tree
द्रुमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

ब॒हृदश्चव उवाच

बृहदश्व (Bṛhadaśva)
व्याध (hunter)
मृग (deer)
मेदिनी (earth)
अग्नि (fire)
द्रुम (tree)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the swift and severe consequences that can follow a life rooted in हिंसा (violence) and अधर्म (unrighteous conduct). It also emphasizes the potency of truthful confrontation: when wrongdoing is brought to light, moral causality (karma) can manifest immediately.

Bṛhadaśva continues narrating the Nala–Damayantī episode. At the very moment certain words are spoken (contextually, words that expose or condemn the hunter’s act), the hunter who lives by killing deer suddenly drops dead on the ground, compared to a fire-burnt tree collapsing.