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Shloka 6

दमयन्त्या वणिजां सार्थगमनम्, हस्तियूथविप्लवः, चेदिराजपुरप्रवेशश्च

Damayantī joins a caravan; elephant-herd catastrophe; entry into Cedi

स वै विवस्त्रो विकटो मलिन: पांसुगुण्ठित: । दमयन्त्या सह श्रान्तः सुष्वाप धरणीतले,वे वस्त्रहीन, चटाई आदिसे रहित, मलिन एवं धूलि-धूसरित हो रहे थे। दमयन्तीके साथ थककर भूमिपर ही सो गये

sa vai vivastro vikaṭo malinaḥ pāṃsuguṇṭhitaḥ | damayantyā saha śrāntaḥ suṣvāpa dharaṇītale ||

Bṛhadaśva said: He, indeed, was without clothing—disfigured, unclean, and covered with dust. Exhausted together with Damayantī, he lay down and slept upon the bare ground.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
विवस्त्रःwithout clothes, naked
विवस्त्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविवस्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विकटःhideous, dreadful-looking
विकटः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविकट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मलिनःdirty, soiled
मलिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमलिन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पांसुगुण्ठितःcovered/obscured with dust
पांसुगुण्ठितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपांसुगुण्ठित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दमयन्त्याःwith Damayantī
दमयन्त्याः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदमयन्ती
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
श्रान्तःweary, exhausted
श्रान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुष्वापslept
सुष्वाप:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
धरणीतलेon the surface of the earth, on the ground
धरणीतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधरणीतल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

बृहदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
D
Damayantī
N
Nala (implied as 'he')
D
dharaṇī (earth/ground)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how loss and misfortune can reduce a person to extreme hardship, yet dharma is upheld through endurance and fidelity—especially seen in Damayantī’s steadfast companionship amid deprivation.

Nala, reduced to a wretched state—naked, dirty, and dust-covered—becomes exhausted while traveling with Damayantī, and the two rest by sleeping directly on the ground.