Shloka 45
Nala’s Embassy to Damayantī and the Gods’ Proposal (नलस्य दूतत्वं देवप्रस्तावश्च)
Devanagari script
पुनर्ययतेन मां जित्वा वनवासं सुदारुणम् । प्रावत्राजयन् महारण्यमजिनै: परिवारितम्,“एक बार जूएके संकटसे बच जानेपर पुनः द्यूतका आयोजन करके उन्होंने मुझे जीत लिया और मृगचर्म पहनाकर वनवासका अत्यन्त दारुण कष्ट भोगनेके लिये इस महान् वनमें निर्वासित कर दिया
Translation
Though I had once escaped the peril of that dice-game, they arranged the gambling again and defeated me anew. Then, clothing me in deer-skins, they drove me into this great forest to endure the most cruel hardship of exile in the wilds.
Word by Word
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
अयतेनby gambling / by the game of dice
अयतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
जित्वाhaving conquered/won
जित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
वनवासम्exile in the forest
वनवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवनवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सुदारुणम्very harsh/terrible
सुदारुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदारुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रावत्राजयन्they caused (me) to go forth; they banished
प्रावत्राजयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + व्राजय् (causative of व्रज्)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
महाgreat
महा:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अरण्यम्forest
अरण्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अजिनैःwith deer-skins
अजिनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअजिन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
परिवारितम्clad/covered; surrounded
परिवारितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वॄ (वृ) / वारय् (PPP in -त)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes