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Shloka 90

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

शत्रुहस्तगतां राजन्‌ कथंस्विन्नाहरेरमहीम्‌ । इह यत्नमुपाहृत्य बलेन महतान्वित:,“राजन! आप विशाल सेनासे सम्पन्न हो यहाँ प्रयत्नपूर्वक युद्ध ठानकर शत्रुओंके हाथमें गयी हुई पृथ्वीको उनसे छीन क्यों नहीं लेते?”

śatru-hasta-gatāṃ rājan kathaṃ svin nāhareḥ mahīm | iha yatnam upāhṛtya balena mahatā anvitaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O King, why do you not, here and now, make the necessary effort and, relying on your great strength, win back the earth that has fallen into the enemy’s hands?”

शत्रुहस्तगताम्gone into the enemy's hands
शत्रुहस्तगताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशत्रु-हस्त-गत (गता)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
स्वित्indeed/ever (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आहरेःyou do not take/bring (back)
आहरेः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हृ (धातु: हृ)
FormPresent (Lat), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
महीम्the earth/kingdom
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
यत्नम्effort
यत्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाहृत्यhaving brought/undertaken
उपाहृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-हृ (धातु: हृ)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
बलेनwith force/with an army
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महताgreat
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्वितःendowed/possessed (with)
अन्वितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित (अन्वि-इ / अनु-इ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
King (rājan)
E
Enemies (śatru)
E
Earth/kingdom (mahī)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s dharma includes active protection and recovery of rightful sovereignty; when the realm is seized by enemies, the king should not remain passive but must exert himself, using legitimate strength to restore order.

The speaker addresses a king and challenges his inaction, asking why he does not undertake determined effort—backed by a strong army/power—to reclaim the land that has come under enemy control.