Shloka 22
अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश
Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort
Devanagari script
सर्वथा धर्मनित्यं तु पुरुष धर्मदुर्बलम् त्यजतस्तात धर्मार्थो प्रेत दुःखसुखे यथा,“तात! जैसे मुर्दोकी दुःख और सुख दोनों नहीं होते, उसी प्रकार जो सर्वथा और सर्वदा धर्ममें ही तत्पर रहकर उसके अनुष्ठानसे दुर्बल हो गया है, उसे धर्म और अर्थ दोनों त्याग देते हैं
Translation
My child, just as the dead have neither sorrow nor joy, so too the one who clings to dharma alone at all times and is weakened by its observance is abandoned by both dharma and artha (worldly welfare).
Word by Word
सर्वथाin every way, wholly
सर्वथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वथा
धर्मनित्यम्always devoted to dharma
धर्मनित्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मनित्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पुरुषम्a man
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मदुर्बलम्weakened by dharma (observances)
धर्मदुर्बलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मदुर्बल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
त्यजतःof (him) abandoning / as he abandons
त्यजतः:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Genitive, Singular
तातdear son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मार्थःdharma and artha (righteousness and wealth)
धर्मार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रेतO departed one / O dead (one)
प्रेत:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुःखसुखेin sorrow and happiness
दुःखसुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःखसुख
FormNeuter, Locative, Dual
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes