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Shloka 5

राजानश्न नरव्याप्र पौरुषेण निबोध तत्‌ । कीर्तिश्व जीवत: साध्वी पुरुषस्य महाद्युते

rājānaś ca naravyāghra pauruṣeṇa nibodha tat | kīrtiś ca jīvataḥ sādhvī puruṣasya mahādyute ||

O king, O tiger among men, understand this through the lens of true manly effort: for a great-souled man, illustrious fame is a noble companion even while he yet lives.

राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्नन्eat/consume
अश्नन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Active
नरव्याघ्रO tiger among men
नरव्याघ्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनरव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पौरुषेणby manly effort/valor
पौरुषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
निबोधunderstand/know
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada, Active
तत्that (fact)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कीर्तिःfame
कीर्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकीर्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीवतःof (one) living; while alive
जीवतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
साध्वीgood, virtuous, excellent
साध्वी:
TypeAdjective
Rootसाध्वी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषस्यof a man
पुरुषस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
महाद्युतेO great-splendored one
महाद्युते:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाद्युति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

सूर्य उवाच

S
Sūrya (the Sun-god)
R
rājā (the king, addressee)
N
naravyāghra (epithet of the addressee)

Educational Q&A

Sūrya teaches that true human excellence is shown through personal effort and valor, and that noble fame is a living reward for a worthy person—not merely something that comes after death.

Sūrya addresses a king (praised as a ‘tiger among men’ and ‘great-lustrous’) and urges him to grasp an ethical point about pauruṣa (heroic effort) and the value of kīrti (honorable reputation) in a ruler’s life.