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Shloka 18

तस्मान्न देये शक्राय त्वयैते कुण्डले शुभे । संग्रामे यदि निर्जेतुं कर्ण कामयसे<र्जुनम्‌,अतः कर्ण! यदि तुम समरभूमिमें अर्जुनको जीतनेकी अभिलाषा रखते हो तो इन्द्रको ये दोनों शुभ कुण्डल कदापि न देना

tasmān na deye śakrāya tvayaitē kuṇḍale śubhe | saṅgrāme yadi nirjetuṁ karṇa kāmayase 'rjunam ||

“Therefore, O Karṇa, you must not give these two auspicious earrings to Śakra (Indra). If, in battle, you truly desire to defeat Arjuna, then do not part with this divine protection.”

तस्मात्therefore/from that reason
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देयेI should give
देये:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
शक्रायto Śakra (Indra)
शक्राय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular
एतेthese (two)
एते:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Dual
कुण्डलेearrings
कुण्डले:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुण्डल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Dual
शुभेauspicious
शुभे:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Dual
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
निर्जेतुम्to conquer
निर्जेतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + जि (जय)
FormTumun (infinitive)
कर्णKarna
कर्ण:
Karma
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कामयसेyou desire
कामयसे:
TypeVerb
Rootकम् (कान्तौ/इच्छायाम्) → कामय (Denominative)
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

सूर्य उवाच

S
Sūrya
K
Karṇa
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
A
Arjuna
K
kuṇḍala (divine earrings)

Educational Q&A

Even a celebrated virtue like generosity must be guided by discernment (viveka) and responsibility. When a gift would undermine one’s rightful duty and lead to grave harm, restraint becomes an ethical necessity.

Sūrya, Karṇa’s divine father, warns him not to give his auspicious earrings to Śakra (Indra). The warning is tied to Karṇa’s aim of defeating Arjuna in the coming war: surrendering the earrings would weaken his protection and jeopardize his prospects in battle.