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Shloka 13

कुन्ती द्वारा ब्राह्मण-सेवा

Kuntī’s Regulated Hospitality to a Brāhmaṇa Guest

गदाभि: परिघैश्वैव राक्षसों जध्निवान्‌ कपिम्‌ | कपिश्न जध्निवान्‌ रक्ष: सस्कन्धविटपैट्रुमै:

gadābhiḥ parighaiś caiva rākṣaso jadhnivān kapim | kapiś ca jadhnivān rakṣaḥ sa-skandha-viṭapair drumaiḥ ||

Mārkaṇḍeya said: The rākṣasa struck down the monkey with maces and iron clubs; and the monkey, in turn, struck down the rākṣasa with trees—trunks still bearing their branches and boughs.

गदाभिःwith maces
गदाभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
परिघैःwith iron clubs/bars
परिघैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपरिघ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
राक्षसःthe rākṣasa (demon)
राक्षसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जघ्निवान्slew/struck down
जघ्निवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
कपिम्the monkey
कपिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकपि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कपिःthe monkey
कपिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकपि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जघ्निवान्slew/struck down
जघ्निवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
रक्षःthe demon (rākṣasa-being)
रक्षः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
he
:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्कन्ध-विटपैःwith branches and boughs
स्कन्ध-विटपैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्कन्ध-विटप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्रुमैःwith trees
द्रुमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

मार्कण्डेय (Mārkaṇḍeya)
राक्षस (rākṣasa)
कपि (kapi, monkey)
गदा (mace)
परिघ (iron club/bar)
द्रुम (tree)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the escalation and reciprocity of violence: brute force invites an answering force. Ethically, it serves as a narrative reminder that unchecked aggression tends to multiply, and that strength without restraint leads to cycles of retaliation.

Mārkaṇḍeya describes a direct fight between a rākṣasa and a monkey: the rākṣasa attacks using maces and iron clubs, while the monkey retaliates by wielding uprooted trees with their trunks and branches.