Shloka 1

कुम्भकर्णवधः — Kumbhakarṇa’s Fall and the Renewal of the Engagement

Devanagari script

हि >> मो न (0) हि २ 7 सप्तत्यधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: द्रौपदीद्वारा जयद्रथके सामने पाण्डवोंके पराक्रमका वर्णन वैशम्पायन उवाच ततो घोरतर: शब्दो वने समभवत्‌ तदा | भीमसेनार्जुनौ दृष्ट्वा क्षत्रियाणाममर्षिणाम्‌,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! तदनन्तर उस वनमें भीमसेन और अर्जुनको देखकर अमर्षमें भरे हुए क्षत्रियोंका अत्यन्त घोर कोलाहल सुनायी देने लगा

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | tato ghorataraḥ śabdo vane samabhavat tadā | bhīmasenārjunau dṛṣṭvā kṣatriyāṇām amarṣiṇām |

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: Then, at that moment, an even more dreadful uproar arose in the forest, as the wrathful kṣatriyas caught sight of Bhīmasena and Arjuna—an outcry born of wounded pride and the surge of martial anger before conflict.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from/thereupon')

• घोरतरः: more terrible
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोरतर (घोर-प्रातिपदिक; तरप्)
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• शब्दः: sound, noise
• शब्दः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, locative, singular

• समभवत्: arose, occurred
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु) + सम् (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada

• तदा: at that time
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (temporal adverb)

• भीमसेनार्जुनौ: Bhimasena and Arjuna
• भीमसेनार्जुनौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, accusative, dual

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), indeclinable

• क्षत्रियाणाम्: of the Kshatriyas
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, genitive, plural

• अमर्षिणाम्: of the resentful/indignant (ones)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमर्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, genitive, plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhīmasena
• Arjuna
• kṣatriyas
• forest (vana)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how unchecked pride and indignation (amarṣa) quickly intensify into collective violence; it implicitly contrasts impulsive martial rage with the restraint and discernment expected within dharma, even for kṣatriyas.

What is happening in the narrative?

As Bhīma and Arjuna appear in the forest, the hostile kṣatriyas—already inflamed—raise a terrifying clamour, signaling the immediate escalation toward confrontation in the Jayadratha-related episode.