Shloka 4

Dvaītavana: Brahmaghoṣa, Rṣi-saṅgha, and Baka Dālbhyā’s Upadeśa to Yudhiṣṭhira

Devanagari script

यस्त्वां राजन्‌ मया सार्धमजिनै: प्रतिवासितम्‌ । वन॑ प्रस्थाप्य दुष्टात्मा नान्वतप्यत दुर्मति:,महाराज! उस नीच बुद्धिवाले दुष्टात्माने आपको भी मृगछाला पहनाकर मेरे साथ वनमें भेज दिया; किंतु इसके लिये उसे थोड़ा भी पश्चात्ताप नहीं हुआ

Transliteration

yas tvāṃ rājan mayā sārdham ajinaiḥ prativāsitam | vanaṃ prasthāpya duṣṭātmā nānvatapyata durmatiḥ ||

Translation

But that wicked-souled man, O King—of perverse understanding—sent you to the forest together with me, making you wear deerskins; and for this he felt not the slightest remorse.

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• मया: by/with me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)

• अजिनैः: with deer-skins
• अजिनैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अजिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• प्रतिवासितम्: clothed/caused to wear
• प्रतिवासितम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-√वस् (वास्) (धातु); प्रतिवासित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• वनम्: to the forest
• वनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्रस्थाप्य: having sent forth/dispatched
• प्रस्थाप्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√स्था (स्था) (धातु); प्रस्थाप्य (कृदन्त-अव्यय)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

• दुष्टात्मा: the wicked-souled one
• दुष्टात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्ट-आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• अन्वतप्यत: repented/was pained afterward
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-√तप् (तप्) (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• दुर्मतिः: the evil-minded one
• दुर्मतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्-मति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaishampayana
• King (rājan)
• Forest (vana)
• Deerskins (ajina)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical gravity of sending the righteous into hardship without repentance: lack of remorse after wrongdoing is portrayed as a mark of a corrupted mind (durmati) and a wicked inner nature (duṣṭātmā), underscoring the Mahābhārata’s concern with accountability and dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaishampayana addresses the king and recalls how a malicious figure sent the king into forest-exile along with the speaker, compelling the wearing of deerskins—an emblem of ascetic life—while showing no regret for the act.