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Shloka 62

Adhyāya 208: Aṅgirasī-kanyāḥ

Enumeration of Aṅgiras’ daughters and attribute-names

व्याध उवाच यज्ञो दानं॑ तपो वेदा: सत्यं च द्विजसत्तम | पज्चैतानि पवित्राणि शिष्टाचारेषु सर्वदा,व्याधने कहा--द्विजश्रेष्ठ! यज्ञ, दान, तपस्या, वेदोंका स्वाध्याय और सत्यभाषण--ये पाँच पवित्र वस्तुएँ शिष्ट पुरुषोंके आचार-व्यवहारमें सदा देखी गयी हैं

vyādha uvāca—yajño dānaṁ tapo vedāḥ satyaṁ ca dvijasattama | pañcaitāni pavitrāṇi śiṣṭācāreṣu sarvadā ||

The Hunter said: “O best of the twice-born, sacrifice, charitable giving, austerity, study of the Vedas, and truthfulness—these five are held to be purifying. They are always seen embodied in the conduct and daily practice of the cultured and disciplined.”

व्याधःthe hunter (Vyadha)
व्याधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यज्ञःsacrifice
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दानम्gift, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वेदाःthe Vedas
वेदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्यम्truth, truthfulness
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्विजसत्तमO best of the twice-born
द्विजसत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पवित्राणिpure, purifying
पवित्राणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपवित्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
शिष्टाचारॆषुin the conduct/practice of the cultured (people)
शिष्टाचारॆषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्टाचार
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
सर्वदाalways
सर्वदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वदा

व्याध उवाच

V
Vyādha (the hunter, speaker)
D
Dvijasattama (addressed brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies five enduring sources of inner and social purity—sacrifice (duty-oriented worship), charity, austerity, Vedic study, and truthfulness—and says that truly cultured people consistently embody these in their conduct (śiṣṭācāra).

In the Vyādha’s instruction on dharma, he addresses a brāhmaṇa respectfully and summarizes the hallmark virtues/practices that characterize the righteous, using them as a standard for ethical living.