Shloka 62
Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)
अतः राजेन्द्र! तुम भी इन ब्राह्मणोंका विधिपूर्वक पूजन करो। जो रास्ता चलनेसे थककर दुबला हो गया है, जिसका शरीर धूलसे भरा है और जो अन्नदाताका पता पूछता हुआ भोजनकी आशासे घरपर आ जाता है, उसका तुम यत्नपूर्वक सत्कार करो; क्योंकि वह अतिथि है, इसलिये ब्राह्मण ही है। अर्थात् ब्राह्मणके ही तुल्य है ।। त॑ यान्तमनुगच्छन्ति देवा: सर्वे सवासवा: । तस्मिन् सम्पूजिते प्रीता निराशा यान्त्यपूजिते,ऐसा अतिथि जब किसीके घरपर जाता है तब उसके पीछे इन्द्रादि सम्पूर्ण देवता भी वहाँतक जाते हैं। यदि वहाँ उस अतिथिका आदर होता है तो वे देवता भी प्रसन्न होते हैं और यदि आदर नहीं होता, तो वे देवगण भी निराश लौट जाते हैं
ataḥ rājendra! tvam api ime brāhmaṇān vidhivat pūjaya. yaḥ pathi calanena śrāntaḥ kṛśo bhavati, yasya gātraṃ dhūlidhūsaritaṃ, yaś ca annadātāraṃ pṛcchan bhojanāśayā gṛham āgacchati, taṃ tvam yatnena satkuru; sa hy atithiḥ, tasmād brāhmaṇa eva—brāhmaṇatulyaḥ. taṃ yāntam anugacchanti devāḥ sarve savāsavāḥ; tasmin sampūjite prītā nirāśā yānty apūjite.
Vaiśampāyana said: “Therefore, O best of kings, you too should worship these Brahmins in the proper manner. Whoever, worn thin from travel, his body coated with dust, comes to a house in hope of food while asking for the giver of alms—receive him with careful honor; for he is an atithi (a guest), and thus he is Brahmin indeed, equal to a Brahmin. All the gods, together with Indra, follow such a guest as he goes. If that guest is duly honored in a house, the gods are pleased; but if he is not honored, they return disappointed.”
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches atithi-dharma: a weary traveler seeking food must be honored with careful hospitality. Such a guest is treated as Brahmin-like, and honoring him pleases the gods; neglecting him brings divine displeasure.
Vaiśampāyana instructs a king (addressed as rājendra) to perform proper worship and hospitality toward Brahmins and especially toward an arriving guest. He underscores the point by stating that Indra and the gods accompany the guest and respond according to how the host receives him.