Shloka 11

इन्द्रद्युम्नोपाख्यानम्

Indradyumna Upākhyāna: On Kīrti, Smṛti, and Restoration

Devanagari script

त्रिभिरंशैरधर्मस्तु लोकानाक्रम्य तिष्ठति । तामसं युगमासाद्य तदा भरतसत्तम

Transliteration

tribhir aṁśair adharmas tu lokān ākramya tiṣṭhati | tāmasaṁ yugam āsādya tadā bharatasattama ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya said: “When the age turns dark and inert—the Tāmasa Yuga—unrighteousness, with three parts of its power, spreads over the worlds and stands dominant, O best of the Bharatas.”

Word by Word

• त्रिभिः: with three
• त्रिभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• अंशैः: parts/portions
• अंशैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंश
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अधर्मः: unrighteousness/adharma
• अधर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• लोकान्: worlds/people
• लोकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• आक्रम्य: having overrun/attacked
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रम्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), आ

• तिष्ठति: stands/remains
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तामसम्: dark/tainted by tamas
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तामस
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• युगम्: age/epoch
• युगम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आसाद्य: having reached/entered
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), आ

• तदा: then/at that time
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• भरतसत्तम: O best of the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-सत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Bharatasattama (addressed Bharata prince)
• Adharma
• Lokāḥ (the worlds)
• Tāmasa Yuga