Shloka 12

चतुर्थाशेन धर्मस्तु मनुष्यानुपतिष्ठति । आयुर्वीर्यमथो बुद्धिर्बलं तेजश्च॒ पाण्डव

caturthāṁśena dharmas tu manuṣyān upatiṣṭhati | āyur vīryam atho buddhir balaṁ tejaś ca pāṇḍava ||

Mārkaṇḍeya said: “In this age, Dharma abides among human beings only by a quarter. Along with it, O Pāṇḍava, lifespan, valor, intelligence, strength, and splendor also diminish.”

चतुर्थांशेनby a fourth part
चतुर्थांशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर्थांश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मनुष्यान्humans, men
मनुष्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उपतिष्ठतिattends upon, remains with
उपतिष्ठति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-स्था
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular
आयुःlife-span
आयुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वीर्यम्valor, potency
वीर्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अथand then/also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बलम्strength
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेजःsplendor, energy
तेजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पाण्डवO Pandava
पाण्डव:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
P
Pāṇḍava (addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that when Dharma declines to only a quarter of its full presence, human capacities also wane—longevity, courage, discernment, strength, and inner/outer splendor—implying that ethical order sustains both personal excellence and social vitality.

Mārkaṇḍeya is instructing a Pāṇḍava (typically Yudhiṣṭhira) in a reflective, didactic context, describing the condition of an age in which righteousness is reduced and, correspondingly, human virtues and powers diminish.