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Shloka 31

Sarasvatī–Tārkṣya Saṃvāda: Agnihotra-vidhi, Dāna-phala, and Mokṣa-prasaṅga (सरस्वती–तार्क्ष्यसंवादः)

यदा विहारं प्रसमीक्षमाणा: प्रयान्ति पुत्रास्तव याज्ञसेनि । एकैकमेषामनुयान्ति तत्र रथाक्ष यानानि च दन्तिनश्ष,'याज्ञसेनी! तुम्हारे पुत्र जब नगरकी शोभा देखनेके लिये घूमने निकलते हैं, उस समय उनमेंसे प्रत्येकके लिये रथ, घोड़े, हाथी और पालकी आदि सवारियाँ पीछे-पीछे जाती हैं!

yadā vihāraṁ prasamīkṣamāṇāḥ prayānti putrās tava yājñaseni | ekaika-meṣām anuyānti tatra rathākṣa-yānāni ca dantinaś ca ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Yājñasenī, whenever your sons go out to take their recreation and behold the city’s splendor, each of them is followed from behind by a full retinue of conveyances—chariots and other vehicles, and even elephants—attending him.”

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
विहारम्pleasure-walk / outing
विहारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रसमीक्षमाणाःobserving / looking at
प्रसमीक्षमाणाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + सम् + ईक्ष्
Formशानच् (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रयान्तिgo forth / set out
प्रयान्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + या
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
याज्ञसेनिO Yajñasenī (Draupadī)
याज्ञसेनि:
TypeNoun
Rootयाज्ञसेनी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
एकैकम्each one (individually)
एकैकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएकैक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एषाम्of these (of them)
एषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormGenitive, Plural
अनुयान्तिfollow
अनुयान्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + या
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
Rootतत्र
रथाक्षO chariot-eyed (epithet; vocative intended in many recensions)
रथाक्ष:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथाक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यानानिvehicles
यानानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दन्तिनःelephants
दन्तिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yājñasenī (Draupadī)
S
sons of Yājñasenī
C
city (nagara)
C
chariots (ratha)
V
vehicles/conveyances (yāna)
E
elephants (dantin)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the visible signs of royal status—retinues, vehicles, and elephants—suggesting how power and prosperity manifest outwardly. Ethically, it invites reflection on how external grandeur can shape social perception and how rulers’ households are constantly observed and judged by public display.

Vaiśampāyana addresses Draupadī (Yājñasenī), describing how her sons, when they go out to see the city and enjoy an outing, are each accompanied by attendants and conveyances—chariots, other vehicles, and elephants—following behind as part of their princely entourage.