Shloka 19
अध्याय ८७: कृष्णस्य हस्तिनापुरप्रवेशः
Krishna’s Entry into Hastināpura and Court Reception
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच परीतस्तव पुत्रो5यं धृतराष्ट्र सुमन्दधी: । वृणोत्यनर्थ नैवार्थ याच्यमान: सुहज्जनै:,यह सुनकर भीष्मजीने कहा--धृतराष्ट्र! तुम्हारा यह मन्दबुद्धि पुत्र कालके वशमें हो गया है। यह अपने हितैषी सुहृदोंके कहने-समझानेपर भी अनर्थको ही अपना रहा है; अर्थको नहीं
Translation
Bhīṣma said: “Dhṛtarāṣṭra, this son of yours is dull-witted and has fallen under the sway of Kāla (Time/Fate). Even when urged and entreated by well-wishing friends, he chooses ruin and not advantage.”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
परीतःoverpowered, seized (by)
परीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-इ (परी/एति) → परीत (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धृतराष्ट्रO Dhritarashtra
धृतराष्ट्र:
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सुमन्दधीःvery dull-witted
सुमन्दधीः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमन्दधी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृणोतिchooses
वृणोति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वृणोति)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनर्थम्harm, misfortune, what is not beneficial
अनर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अर्थम्benefit, good, advantage
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
याच्यमानःbeing entreated/requested
याच्यमानः:
TypeParticiple
Rootयाच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive, Present
सुहृज्जनैःby well-wishing friends/kinsmen
सुहृज्जनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृज्जन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes