Shloka 13
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 71 — Kṣatra-dharma Counsel, Public Legitimacy, and Mobilization
Devanagari script
इतो दुःखतरं कि नु यदहं मातरं ततः । संविधातुं न शकनोमि मित्राणां वा जनार्दन,जनार्दन! इससे बढ़कर महान् दुःखकी बात और क्या हो सकती है कि मैं अपनी माता तथा मित्रोंका भी अच्छी तरह भरण-पोषणतक नहीं कर सकता
Transliteration
ito duḥkhataraṁ ki nu yad ahaṁ mātaraṁ tataḥ | saṁvidhātuṁ na śaknomi mitrāṇāṁ vā janārdana ||
Translation
Yudhiṣṭhira said: “O Janārdana, what sorrow could be greater than this—that I am unable to provide properly even for my own mother, and likewise for my friends?”
Word by Word
itaḥfrom here/than this
itaḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootitaḥ
duḥkha-tarammore painful/greater sorrow
duḥkha-taram:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Comparative
kimwhat?
kim:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootkim
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
nuindeed/then (interrogative particle)
nu:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnu
yatthat which
yat:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootyat
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ahamI
aham:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootaham
FormNominative, Singular
mātarammother (as object)
mātaram:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
tataḥthereafter/from that
tataḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ
saṃvidhātumto provide for/arrange/support
saṃvidhātum:
TypeVerb
Rootsaṃ-vidhā
FormInfinitive (tumun)
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
śaknomiI am able/can
śaknomi:
TypeVerb
Rootśak
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
mitrāṇāmof friends
mitrāṇām:
TypeNoun
Rootmitra
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
vāor/even
vā:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā
janārdanaO Janārdana (Krishna)
janārdana:
TypeNoun
Rootjanārdana
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
janārdanaO Janārdana!
janārdana:
TypeNoun
Rootjanārdana
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Characters & Entities
Y
YudhiṣṭhiraJ
Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)M
mother (Kuntī, implied)F
friends (allies/companions, general)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes