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Shloka 24

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 58 — Saṃjaya’s Audience and Kṛṣṇa’s Deterrent Counsel (संजय-प्रवेशः कृष्णवाक्यं च)

मदद्वितीयं पुनः पार्थ कः प्रार्थयितुमिच्छति । यो न कालपरीतो वाप्यपि साक्षात्‌ पुरंदर:,“जिसको कालने सब ओरसे घेर न लिया हो, ऐसा कौन पुरुष, भले ही वह साक्षात्‌ इन्द्र ही क्यों न हो, उस अर्जुनके साथ युद्ध करना चाहता है, जिसका सहायक दूसरा मैं हूँ

mad-dvitīyaṁ punaḥ pārtha kaḥ prārthayitum icchati | yo na kāla-parīto vāpy api sākṣāt purandaraḥ ||

Vāyu said: “O Pārtha, when I stand as your second, who would still wish to challenge you? Who—unless already hemmed in by Time’s decree—would desire to fight Arjuna, even if he were Purandara (Indra) himself?”

मत्-द्वितीयम्having me as the second (ally)
मत्-द्वितीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमत् + द्वितीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain / moreover
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पार्थO son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रार्थयितुम्to seek / to desire / to request
प्रार्थयितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अर्थय् (अर्थयति)
FormInfinitive (tumun)
इच्छतिwishes
इच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छति)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho (he) that
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
काल-परितःsurrounded/overcome by Time (Death)
काल-परितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकाल + परित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven / also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
साक्षात्directly / in person
साक्षात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाक्षात्
पुरंदरःPurandara (Indra)
पुरंदरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
K
Kāla (Time/Death as destiny)
I
Indra (Purandara)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that when righteous strength is backed by divine support, opposition becomes futile; only one driven by Kāla (destiny/death) would choose such a confrontation. It frames war not merely as human contest but as morally and cosmically conditioned.

Vāyu speaks in praise of Arjuna’s invincibility, declaring that with Vāyu as his ally, no sensible warrior—even Indra—would wish to fight him unless compelled by the overpowering force of Time (Kāla).