Shloka 5

Sanatsujāta on Vedic Learning, Truth (Satya), and the Discipline of Dama–Tyāga–Apramāda

Devanagari script

ध्तराष्ट्र रवाच ब्रह्मचर्येण या विद्या शक्‍्या वेदितुमज्जसा । तत्‌ कथं ब्रह्मचर्य स्यादेतद्‌ ब्रह्मन्‌ ब्रवीहि मे,धृतराष्ट्रने कहा--ब्रह्मन! यदि वह ब्रह्मविद्या ब्रह्मचर्यके द्वारा ही सुगमतासे जानी जा सकती है तो पहले मुझे यही बताइये कि ब्रह्मचर्यका पालन कैसे होता है?

Transliteration

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | brahmacaryeṇa yā vidyā śakyā veditum ajjasā | tat kathaṃ brahmacarya syād etad brahman bravīhi me ||

Translation

Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: “O Brahman, if that sacred knowledge is readily knowable through the practice of brahmacarya, then tell me first how brahmacarya is to be observed. Explain this to me.”

Word by Word

• धृतराष्ट्रः: Dhritarashtra
• धृतराष्ट्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular

• ब्रह्मचर्येण: by/through brahmacarya (celibate discipline)
• ब्रह्मचर्येण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मचर्य
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• या: which
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• विद्या: knowledge (sacred knowledge)
• विद्या: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• शक्या: possible, able to be
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्य
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• वेदितुम्: to know, to understand
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Infinitive (tumun)

• अज्जसा: easily, straightaway
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अज्जस

• तत्: that (then/therefore that matter)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कथम्: how?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम्

• ब्रह्मचर्यम्: brahmacarya (discipline of continence)
• ब्रह्मचर्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मचर्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्यात्: would be / should be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Optative, Third, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ब्रह्मन्: O Brahmin (sage)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• ब्रवीहि: tell (me)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular

• मे: to me
• मे: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Dative, Singular

Speaker

सनत्युजात उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Sanatsujāta