Shloka 39

उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्

Devanagari script

असंविभागी दुष्टात्मा कृतघ्नो निरपत्रप: । तादृड्नराधिपो लोके वर्जनीयो नराधिप,राजन्‌! जो अपने अश्रितोंमें धनका ठीक-ठीक बँटवारा नहीं करता तथा जो दुष्ट स्वभाववाला, कृतघ्न और निर्लज्ज है, ऐसा राजा इस लोकमें त्याग देनेयोग्य है

Transliteration

asaṁvibhāgī duṣṭātmā kṛtaghno nirapatrapaḥ | tādṛṅ narādhipo loke varjanīyo narādhipa ||

Translation

Vidura declares that a ruler who does not distribute wealth fairly among those dependent on him—one who is wicked at heart, ungrateful for services received, and shameless in conduct—ought to be renounced by the people in this world. Such a king, though called a “lord of men,” forfeits the moral right to be followed.

Word by Word

• असंविभागी: one who does not distribute properly
• असंविभागी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असंविभागिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुष्टात्मा: a wicked-souled person
• दुष्टात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्टात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृतघ्नः: ungrateful
• कृतघ्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतघ्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निरपत्रपः: shameless
• निरपत्रपः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निरपत्रप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तादृक्: such (of that kind)
• तादृक्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तादृश्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नराधिपः: king (lord of men)
• नराधिपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नराधिप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• वर्जनीयः: to be avoided/abandoned
• वर्जनीयः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्जनीय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नराधिप: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: नराधिप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• narādhipa (king/ruler)