Shloka 39
Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum
Udyoga-parva 35
Devanagari script
चलचित्तस्य वै पुंसो वृद्धाननुपसेवत: । पारिप्लवमतेर्नित्यमप्चुवो मित्रसंग्रह:,जिसका चित्त चंचल है, जो वृद्धोंकी सेवा नहीं करता, उस अनिश्चितमति पुरुषके लिये मित्रोंका संग्रह स्थायी नहीं होता
Transliteration
calacittasya vai puṁso vṛddhān anupasevataḥ | pāriplavamater nityam apy uvo mitrasaṅgrahaḥ ||
Translation
Vidura teaches that a person whose mind is fickle and who does not attend upon and learn from elders cannot keep friendships steady. For one of wavering judgment, even the making and maintaining of allies and friends remains unstable and unreliable.
Word by Word
चलrestless, fickle
चल:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootचल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चित्तस्यof the mind
चित्तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पुंसःof a man
पुंसः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुम्स्/पुंस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वृद्धान्elders
वृद्धान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनुपसेवतःof (one) not serving / not attending upon
अनुपसेवतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-उप-सेव् (धातु)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular, शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Parasmaipada (active participle)
पारिप्लवunsteady, wavering
पारिप्लव:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपारिप्लव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मतेःof (his) understanding/judgment
मतेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अच्युवःAcyuta (Krishna)
अच्युवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअच्युत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मित्रसंग्रहःgathering/retention of friends
मित्रसंग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्रसंग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
ViduraE
elders (vṛddhāḥ)F
friends/allies (mitrāṇi)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes