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Shloka 26

Bhīṣma’s Appraisal of Kaurava Champions (भीष्मकृतः रथिनां गुणनिरूपणम्)

मद्रराजो हेष्वास: शल्यो मेडतिरथो मतः,स्पर्थते वासुदेवेन नित्यं यो वै रणे रणे । महाधनुर्धर मद्रराज शल्यको भी मैं अतिरथी मानता हूँ, जो प्रत्येक युद्धमें सदा भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णके साथ स्पर्धा रखते हैं

madrarājo heṣvāsāḥ śalyo medatiratho mataḥ | spardhate vāsudevena nityaṃ yo vai raṇe raṇe ||

Bhīṣma said: “Śalya, the king of Madra, is regarded as a foremost chariot-warrior and a master of archery. In every battle he continually measures himself against Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), seeking to match his prowess.”

मद्रराजःthe king of Madra
मद्रराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हेष्वासःhaving a neighing (excellent) bow; great archer
हेष्वासः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शल्यःShalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मेदतिरथःMedatiratha (a proper name/epithet)
मेदतिरथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमेदतिरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मतःis considered / is regarded
मतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्पर्धतेcompetes, vies
स्पर्धते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्पर्ध्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
वासुदेवेनwith Vasudeva (Krishna)
वासुदेवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रणेin battle (again; 'battle after battle')
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śalya
M
Madra
V
Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Kṣatriya ideal of striving for excellence and honor in warfare: a renowned warrior is characterized not only by skill (heṣvāsāḥ) but by the continual drive to test himself against the greatest standard—here, Vāsudeva—showing ambition, confidence, and the pursuit of martial distinction.

Bhīṣma is describing and evaluating notable warriors. In this line he singles out Śalya, king of Madra, calling him a top-tier chariot-warrior and archer, and notes that Śalya repeatedly seeks rivalry with Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) in battle.