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Shloka 19

पाण्डवसेनानायकाभिषेकः तथा बलरामागमन-उपदेशः | Appointment of Pandava Commanders and Balarama’s Counsel

आमुक्तकवचैरयुक्ति: सपताकै: स्वलड्कृतै: । सादिभिश्वोपपन्नास्तु तथा चायुतशो हया:,इसी प्रकार कवचधारी, युद्धके लिये उद्यत, आभूषणोंसे विभूषित तथा पताकाधारी सवारोंसे युक्त हजारों-लाखों घोड़े उस सेनामें मौजूद थे

āmuktakavacair ayuktiḥ sapatākaiḥ svalakṛtaiḥ | sādibhiś copapannās tu tathā cāyutaśo hayāḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “The army also held countless horses—tens of thousands—together with mounted warriors whose armor was fastened tight, ready for battle, bearing banners, and adorned with fine ornaments. The account underscores the vastness and preparedness of the forces gathering for a war whose moral weight would soon test both sides’ claims to dharma.”

आमुक्तकवचैःwith those wearing/fastened with armor
आमुक्तकवचैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootआमुक्तकवच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युक्तिःequipment/array; being furnished
युक्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुक्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सपताकैःwith (those) having banners/flags
सपताकैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसपताक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सुलङ्कृतैःwell-adorned
सुलङ्कृतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुलङ्कृत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सादिभिःwith riders/horsemen
सादिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसादि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
उपपन्नाःendowed; furnished; present
उपपन्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउपपन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अयुतशःby tens of thousands; in myriads
अयुतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअयुतशस्
हयाःhorses
हयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
kavaca (armor)
P
patākā (banner/standard)
H
hayāḥ (horses)
S
sādinaḥ (mounted warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive, but it implicitly highlights how immense military power and meticulous preparation can intensify the ethical stakes of conflict: when forces are fully mobilized, the responsibility to pursue dharma—through restraint, counsel, and just cause—becomes even more urgent.

Vaiśampāyana is describing the composition and readiness of the assembled army, emphasizing large numbers of horses and mounted warriors—armored, ornamented, and carrying banners—signaling that the march toward war has reached an advanced stage of mobilization.