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Shloka 25

Adhyāya 152: Kaurava-sainyavibhāgaḥ

Division and Standardization of the Kaurava Host

जनौघसलिलावर्तो रथनागाश्चमीनवान्‌ | शड्खदुन्दुभिनिर्धोष: कोशसंचयरत्नवान्‌,राजन! जैसे चन्द्रोदयकालमें समुद्र उत्ताल तरंगोंसे व्याप्त हो जाता है, उसी प्रकार कुरुराज दुर्योधनरूपी महासागर सैनिक-समुदायरूपी चन्द्रमाके उदयसे अत्यन्त उललसित दिखायी देने लगा। सब ओर घूमता हुआ जनसमुदाय ही वहाँ जलमें उठनेवाली भँवरोंके समान जान पड़ता था। रथ, हाथी और घोड़े उसमें मछलीके समान प्रतीत होते थे। शंख और दुन्दुभियोंकी ध्वनि ही उस कुरुराजरूपी समुद्रकी गर्जना थी। खजानोंका संग्रह ही रत्नराशिका प्रतिनिधित्व कर रहा था। योद्धाओंके विचित्र आभूषण और कवच ही उस समुद्रकी उठती हुई तरंगोंके समान जान पड़ते थे। चमकीले शस्त्र ही निर्मल फेन-से प्रतीत होते थे। महलोंकी पंक्तियाँ ही तटवर्ती पर्वत-सी जान पड़ती थीं। सड़कोंपर स्थित दूकानें ही मानो गुफाएँ थीं

vaiśampāyana uvāca | janaugha-salilāvarto ratha-nāgāśva-mīnavān | śaṅkha-dundubhi-nirdhoṣaḥ kośa-saṃcaya-ratnavān, rājan |

Vaiśampāyana said: O King, that vast gathering of people looked like a churning whirlpool in a sea; the chariots, elephants, and horses seemed like fish moving within it. The blare of conches and the thunder of kettledrums became its roaring sound, and the amassed treasuries stood in for its heaps of jewels. In this way, the Kuru host—swelling with martial excitement—was pictured as an ocean surging with power and wealth, a spectacle that foreshadows the moral peril of pride and the coming war.

जनौघa mass/stream of people
जनौघ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन + ओघ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सलिलwith water
सलिल:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसलिल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आवर्तःa whirlpool/eddy
आवर्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआवर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथchariots
रथ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नागाःelephants
नागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्वhorses
अश्व:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मीनाfish
मीना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वान्possessing; endowed with
वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवत् (प्रत्यय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शङ्खof conches
शङ्ख:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
दुन्दुभिof kettle-drums
दुन्दुभि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुन्दुभि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
निर्धोषःroar; loud sound
निर्धोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्धोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कोशof treasuries
कोश:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
संचयaccumulation; collection
संचय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंचय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रत्नjewels
रत्न:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरत्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
वान्possessing; endowed with
वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवत् (प्रत्यय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king!
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
King (rājan)
P
people/crowd (janaugha)
C
chariots (ratha)
E
elephants (nāga)
H
horses (aśva)
C
conches (śaṅkha)
K
kettledrums (dundubhi)
T
treasuries/wealth (kośa-saṃcaya)
J
jewels (ratna)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a grand ocean-metaphor to show how collective power, noise, and wealth can intoxicate a kingdom; it subtly warns that such swelling pride and militarized excitement can carry society toward destructive conflict.

Vaiśampāyana describes the Kuru preparations and the massed assembly in vivid imagery: the crowd swirls like a whirlpool, war-vehicles and animals move like fish, conches and drums roar like the sea, and accumulated treasure appears like jewels—building the atmosphere before the outbreak of war.