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Shloka 5

Kṛṣṇasya Karṇam Prati Sāntvavacana

Kṛṣṇa’s Conciliatory Address to Karṇa

तं च पुत्रात्‌ प्रियतमं प्रतियोत्स्ये धनंजयम्‌ । क्षात्रं धर्ममनुष्ठाय धिगस्तु क्षत्रजीविकाम्‌,मेरे पुत्रसे भी बढ़कर प्रियतम उन्हीं अर्जुनसे मुझे क्षत्रियरर्मका आश्रय लेकर युद्ध करना पड़ेगा क्षात्र-वृत्तिको धिक्‍कार है!

taṁ ca putrāt priyatamaṁ pratiyotsye dhanañjayam | kṣātraṁ dharmam anuṣṭhāya dhig astu kṣatrajīvikām ||

And I must fight Dhanañjaya—who is dearer to me even than my own son—while performing the warrior’s duty. Fie upon the livelihood of the Kṣatriya, for it compels one to battle even those most beloved, in the name of dharma.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुत्रात्than (my) son / from (my) son
पुत्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
प्रियतमम्most dear
प्रियतमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रियतम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतियोत्स्येI shall fight against
प्रतियोत्स्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-युध्
FormFuture, First, Singular, Atmanepada
धनंजयम्Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Proper name)
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षात्रम्kshatriya (warriorly)
क्षात्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्duty, dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुष्ठायhaving performed / having observed
अनुष्ठाय:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-स्था
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
धिक्shame! fie!
धिक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक्
अस्तुlet there be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्षत्रजीविकाम्the livelihood/profession of a kshatriya (warfare)
क्षत्रजीविकाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रजीविका
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tragic tension within dharma: a Kṣatriya’s obligation to uphold warrior-duty can force one into violence even against those one loves most, prompting moral revulsion toward a life bound to such compulsory conflict.

Bhīṣma speaks of the impending war and laments that he will have to fight Arjuna (Dhanañjaya), whom he cherishes more than his own son, because he is bound to act according to kṣātra-dharma.