Shloka 20
Vidurā–Putra Saṃvāda: Utsāha, Kīrti, and Kṣātra Resolve
Udyoga-parva 131
Devanagari script
ततो वसति दुष्कर्मा नरके शाश्वती: समा: । राजदोषेण हि जगत् स्पृश्यते जगत: स च,ऐसा करनेसे वह दुष्कर्मी राजा अनेक वर्षोतक नरकमें ही निवास करता है। राजाका दोष जगत्को और जगतका दोष राजाको प्राप्त होता है
Transliteration
tato vasati duṣkarmā narake śāśvatīḥ samāḥ | rājadoṣeṇa hi jagat spṛśyate jagataḥ sa ca ||
Translation
Therefore, that evil-doing king dwells in hell for everlasting years. For by the king’s fault the whole world is tainted, and by the world’s fault the king too is touched—showing the mutual moral contagion between ruler and subjects and the heavy karmic burden of kingship.
Word by Word
ततःthereupon/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')
वसतिdwells/lives
वसति:
TypeVerb
Root√वस्
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
दुष्कर्माevil-doer (one of evil deeds)
दुष्कर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कर्मन्
FormMasculine, nominative singular
नरकेin hell
नरके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनरक
FormMasculine, locative singular
शाश्वतीःeternal/lasting
शाश्वतीः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वती
FormFeminine, accusative plural
समाःyears
समाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम
FormFeminine, accusative plural
राजदोषेणby/through the king's fault
राजदोषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजदोष
FormMasculine, instrumental singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
FormAvyaya (particle)
जगत्the world
जगत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, nominative singular
स्पृश्यतेis affected/touched
स्पृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√स्पृश्
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, passive sense
जगतःof the world
जगतः:
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, genitive singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
सःhe (the king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative singular
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VāyudevaR
rājā (king)J
jagat (the world/subjects)N
naraka (hell)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes