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Shloka 5

शोक-शमन उपदेशः

Instruction on the Pacification of Grief

यदा प्राज्ञाश्न मूढाश्न धनवन्तो5थ निर्धना: । सर्वे पितृवनं प्राप्प स्वपन्ति विगतज्वरा:,जब दिद्वान्‌-मूर्ख, धनवान्‌ और निर्धन सभी श्मशान-भूमिमें जाकर निश्चिन्त सो जाते हैं, उस समय उनके मांसरहित नाड़ियोंसे बँधे हुए तथा अस्थिबहुल अंगोंको देखकर क्‍या दूसरे लोग वहाँ उनमें कोई ऐसा अन्तर देख पाते हैं, जिससे वे उनके कुल और रूपकी विशेषताको समझ सकें; फिर भी वे मनुष्य एक-दूसरेको क्‍यों चाहते हैं? इसलिये कि उनकी बुद्धि ठगी गयी है

yadā prājñāś ca mūḍhāś ca dhanavanto 'tha nirdhanāḥ | sarve pitṛvanaṁ prāpya svapanti vigatajvarāḥ ||

When the wise and the foolish, the wealthy and the poor—all alike—reach the “forest of the ancestors” (the cremation ground) and lie down there free from all feverish striving, who can then discern any difference among them by which lineage, beauty, or social distinction might be known? Yet people still cling to one another and form attachments as though such differences were enduring—because their understanding is deluded.

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
प्राज्ञाःwise men
प्राज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मूढाःfools
मूढाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धनवन्तःthe wealthy
धनवन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अथand then / also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
निर्धनाःthe poor
निर्धनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्धन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितृवनम्the ancestral grove (cemetery/cremation-ground)
पितृवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
स्वपन्तिthey sleep
स्वपन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormLat (Present), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
विगतज्वराःfree from fever (i.e., without anxiety)
विगतज्वराः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविगतज्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
P
pitṛvana (cremation ground)