Shloka 137

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

Devanagari script

यो<स्य वै मुखमद्राक्षीत्‌ सौम्यं सोडस्य वशानुग:ः । सुभगं चार्थवन्तं च रूपवन्तं च पश्यति,जिसने राजाका सौम्य मुख देख लिया, वह उसके अधीन हो गया। प्रत्येक मनुष्य राजाको सौभाग्यशाली, धनवान्‌ और रूपवान्‌ देखता है

Transliteration

yo 'sya vai mukham adrākṣīt saumyaṁ so 'ḍasya vaśānugaḥ | subhagaṁ cārthavantaṁ ca rūpavantaṁ ca paśyati ||

Translation

Bhīṣma said: “Whoever once beholds the king’s gentle, pleasing face becomes subject to his sway. To such a person the king appears fortunate, prosperous, and handsome—his very presence shaping how people judge his worth and authority.”

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्य: of him (of this man/king)
• अस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• मुखम्: face
• मुखम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अद्राक्षीत्: saw
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Aorist (Luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सौम्यम्: gentle, pleasing
• सौम्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौम्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उदस्य: of the king (lit. of the lord)
• उदस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदस्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• वशानुगः: submissive, under control
• वशानुगः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वशानुग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुभगम्: fortunate, auspicious
• सुभगम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुभग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अर्थवन्तम्: wealthy, possessing resources
• अर्थवन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्थवत्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• रूपवन्तम्: handsome, possessing beauty
• रूपवन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूपवत्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पश्यति: sees
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश्
• Form: Present (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• the king (rājā)