Shloka 53
राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)
Devanagari script
वान्तं निष्ठीवनं चैव कुर्वते चास्य संनिधौ । निर्लज्जा राजशार्दूल व्याहरन्ति च तद्बच:,राजाके पास ही मुँह बाकर जँभाई लेते और थूकते हैं, नृपश्रेष्ठ! वे मुँहलगे नौकर लाज छोड़कर मनमानी बातें बोलते हैं
Transliteration
vāntaṁ niṣṭhīvanaṁ caiva kurvate cāsya saṁnidhau | nirlajjā rājasārḍūla vyāharanti ca tad-vacaḥ ||
Translation
Bhīṣma said: “In the king’s very presence they even yawn with open mouth and spit; and, casting off all shame, those overfamiliar attendants speak whatever words they please. O tiger among kings, such conduct marks the decay of discipline and respect around a ruler.”
Word by Word
वान्तम्vomit, what is vomited
वान्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवान्त (√वम्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निष्ठीवनम्spittle, spitting
निष्ठीवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्ठीवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कुर्वतेthey do
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अस्यof him, his
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
संनिधौin (his) presence, nearby
संनिधौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंनिधि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निर्लज्जाःshameless (people)
निर्लज्जाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्लज्ज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजशार्दूलO tiger among kings
राजशार्दूल:
TypeNoun
Rootराजशार्दूल
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
व्याहरन्तिthey utter, speak
व्याहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√हृ (वि-आ-)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaR
rājan (the king, addressed as rājasārḍūla)M
mūṁhalage sevaka/attendants (implied)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes