Shloka 1
/ ऑपन-माज बछ। डे त्रिषष्ट्याधिकत्रिशततमो< ध्याय: उज्छ एवं शिलवृत्तिसे सिद्ध हुए पुरुषकी दिव्य गति सूर्य उवाच नैष देवोडनिलसखो नासुरो न च पन्नग: । उज्छवृत्तिव्रते सिद्धो मुनिरेष दिवं गत:,सूर्यदेवने कहा--से न तो वायुके सखा अग्निदेव थे, न कोई असुर थे और न नाग ही थे। ये उज्छवृत्तिसे जीवननिर्वाहके व्रतका पालन करनेसे सिद्धिको प्राप्त हुए एक मुनि थे, जो दिव्यधाममें आ पहुँचे हैं
Sūrya uvāca—naiṣa devo ’nilasakho nāsuro na ca pannagaḥ | ucchiṣṭavṛttivrate siddho munir eṣa divaṃ gataḥ ||
Surya said: “This one is neither a god—nor the friend of the Wind—nor an asura, nor even a serpent-being. He is a sage who, perfected by the vow of living on gleanings (ucchiṣṭa-vṛtti), has attained spiritual accomplishment and has now reached the heavenly realm.”
सूर्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
Spiritual attainment and a higher destiny are achieved through disciplined ethical living—here, the austere vow of ucchiṣṭa-vṛtti—rather than through birth as a god, asura, or nāga. The verse elevates restraint and right livelihood as a path to divine attainment.
Surya identifies a being who has reached heaven. He clarifies that the figure is not a deity (nor Agni as ‘friend of Wind’), not an asura, and not a serpent-being; rather, he is a human sage who became perfected through the vow of sustaining himself on gleanings/leftovers and thus attained the heavenly realm.