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Shloka 5

विभज्य तं तु विप्रर्षे प्रजानां हितकाम्यया । तोयं सृजति वर्षासु किमाश्नर्यमत: परम्‌,ब्रह्मर्ष! प्रजाके हितकी कामनासे भगवान्‌ सूर्य उस वायुको अनेक भागोंमें विभक्त करके वर्षा-ऋतुमें जो जलकी वृष्टि करते हैं, उससे बढ़कर आश्चर्य और क्या होगा?

vibhajya taṃ tu viprarṣe prajānāṃ hitakāmyayā | toyaṃ sṛjati varṣāsu kim āścaryam ataḥ param, brahmarṣe ||

The Nāga said: “O brahmarṣi, O best of sages—seeking the welfare of creatures, the Blessed Sun divides that wind into many parts and, in the rainy season, releases water as rain. What wonder could be greater than this?”

विभज्यhaving divided
विभज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-भज्
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपदी (usage-neutral here)
तम्that (him/it)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
विप्रर्षेO brahmin-sage
विप्रर्षे:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्रर्षि
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजानाम्of creatures/subjects
प्रजानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
हितकाम्ययाwith the desire for welfare
हितकाम्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहितकाम्य
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तोयम्water
तोयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतोय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सृजतिreleases/sends forth
सृजति:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
वर्षासुin the rainy seasons
वर्षासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षा
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
आश्चर्यम्wonder/marvel
आश्चर्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआश्चर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अतःthan this/from this
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
परम्greater/further
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

नाग उवाच

N
Nāga (speaker)
B
Brahmarṣi/Viprarṣi (addressed sage)
S
Sūrya (the Sun)
V
Vāyu (wind)
V
Varṣā-ṛtu (rainy season)
T
Toya (water/rain)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights cosmic beneficence: natural processes like rainfall are portrayed as purposeful, welfare-oriented acts within ṛta/dharma. The Sun’s regulation of wind and rain becomes an ethical image of governance—power is meaningful when directed toward the good of all beings.

A Nāga addresses a great sage, pointing to the marvel of rainfall. He explains that the Sun, for the benefit of creatures, divides the wind and thereby causes water to fall in the rainy season, presenting this as an unsurpassed wonder.