Shloka 423
Yajña-bhāga-vyavasthā and the Pravṛtti–Nivṛtti Framework (यज्ञभागव्यवस्था तथा प्रवृत्तिनिवृत्तिधर्मविवेचनम्)
उवाच शिष्यान् धर्मात्मा धर्म्य नैःश्रेयसं वच: । शिष्योंकी यह बात सुनकर वेदार्थके तत्त्वज्ञ, पारलौकिक अर्थका चिन्तन करनेवाले, धर्मात्मा, पराशरनन्दन बुद्धिमान् व्यासजीने अपने समस्त शिष्योंसे यह धर्मानुकूल कल्याणकारी वचन कहा--
uvāca śiṣyān dharmātmā dharmya naiḥśreyasaṃ vacaḥ | śiṣyāṇāṃ etāṃ kathāṃ śrutvā vedārtha-tattvajñaḥ pāralaukikārtha-cintakaḥ dharmātmā parāśara-nandanaḥ buddhimān vyāsaḥ sarvebhyaḥ śiṣyebhyaḥ idaṃ dharmānukūlaṃ kalyāṇakāri vacaḥ uvāca ||
Bhīṣma said: “Hearing what the disciples had said, Vyāsa—son of Parāśara, wise and devoted to righteousness, a knower of the true purport of the Vedas and one who reflects on the otherworldly end—addressed all his students with words aligned with dharma and aimed at the highest good.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A teacher’s instruction should be dharmya (aligned with righteousness) and naiḥśreyasa-oriented (aimed at the highest welfare), grounded in true understanding of the Veda and directed toward the student’s lasting good rather than mere worldly gain.
After hearing his disciples’ words, Vyāsa—described as wise, righteous, and a knower of Vedic truth—addresses all of them with beneficial counsel. Bhīṣma reports this as part of the larger Shānti Parva discourse on dharma and right conduct.