Shloka 49

अध्याय २८१ — दानधर्मः, न्यायागतधनम्, ऋणत्रय-परिशोधनं च

Dāna ethics, lawful wealth, and settling obligations

Devanagari script

तास्तु सर्वा: समागम्य ब्रह्माणममितौजसम्‌ | इदमूचुर्वचो राजन्‌ प्रणिपत्य पितामहम्‌

Transliteration

tāstu sarvāḥ samāgamya brahmāṇam amitaujasam | idam ūcur vaco rājan praṇipatya pitāmaham ||

Translation

Bhīṣma said: Then all of them assembled together and approached Brahmā of immeasurable splendor. O King, having bowed down to the Grandsire, they spoke these words—

Word by Word

• ताः: those (women)
• ताः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• समागम्य: having assembled/approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-गम्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite

• ब्रह्माणम्: Brahmā
• ब्रह्माणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अमितौजसम्: of immeasurable power
• अमितौजसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमित-ओजस्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ऊचुः: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: लिट् (perfect), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• वचः: words/speech
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• प्रणिपत्य: having bowed down
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-नि-पत्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite

• पितामहम्: the grandsire (Brahmā)
• पितामहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Brahmā (Pitāmaha)
• King (Yudhiṣṭhira, implied by 'rājan')

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical protocol of seeking guidance: collective deliberation, approaching a legitimate higher authority, and speaking only after respectful submission—suggesting that right counsel is grounded in humility and recognition of dharmic hierarchy.

What is happening in the narrative?

A group of female figures previously introduced in the chapter gather together, go to Brahmā (called Pitāmaha), bow to him, and begin to present their petition or question; Bhīṣma narrates this to the king as part of the Śānti Parva instruction.