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Shloka 17

Yoga-kṛtya (योककृत्य) — Vyāsa on Sense-Restraint, Obstacles, and Brahman-Realization

हिंस्राहिंस्रे मृदुक्ूरे धर्माधमावृतानृते । तद्धाविता: प्रपद्यन्ते तस्मात्‌ तत्‌ तस्य रोचते,एक जन्ममें मनुष्य हिंसा-अहिंसा, कोमलता-कठोरता, धर्म-अधर्म और सच-झूठ आदि जिन गुणों या दोषोंको अपनाता है, दूसरे जन्ममें भी उनके संस्कारोंसे प्रभावित होकर उन्हीं गुणोंको वह पसंद करता और वैसे ही कार्योमें लग जाता है

hiṃsrāhiṃsre mṛdukrūre dharmādharmāvṛtānṛte | taddhāvitāḥ prapadyante tasmāt tat tasya rocate ||

Vyāsa explains that a person’s tendencies are shaped by what they repeatedly choose: violence or non-violence, gentleness or cruelty, righteousness or unrighteousness, truth or falsehood. Driven by those ingrained dispositions, they take to the same kinds of actions again; therefore, what one has cultivated comes to feel pleasing and natural to them—even in a later birth.

हिंस्राin violence / in the violent (state)
हिंस्रा:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहिंस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formfeminine, locative, singular
अहिंस्रेin non-violence / in the non-violent (state)
अहिंस्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअहिंस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formfeminine, locative, singular
मृदुin gentleness / in the soft (mode)
मृदु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, singular
क्रूरेin cruelty / in the harsh (mode)
क्रूरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, singular
धर्मin righteousness
धर्म:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
अधर्मin unrighteousness
अधर्म:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
आवृतेin what is covered/veiled
आवृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-√वृ (वृञ् वरणे) + क्त (आवृत)
Formneuter, locative, singular
अनृतेin falsehood
अनृते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, singular
तत्that (state/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
भाविताःimbued/conditioned (by that)
भाविताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Root√भू (भू सत्तायाम्) + णिच् (भावय) + क्त (भावित)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
प्रपद्यन्तेthey resort to / they enter upon
प्रपद्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√पद् (पद् गतौ) आत्मनेपद
Formpresent, third, plural, ātmanepada
तस्मात्therefore / from that
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that (very thing/state)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तस्यof him / for him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
रोचतेpleases / is liked
रोचते:
TypeVerb
Root√रुच् (रुचँ दीप्तौ/रुचँ प्रीतौ) आत्मनेपद
Formpresent, third, singular, ātmanepada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa