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Shloka 57

कालनिर्णयः, युगधर्मवर्णनम्, सृष्टिक्रमश्च

Time-Reckoning, Yuga-Dharma, and the Sequence of Creation

य इदं सर्वमादत्ते तस्माच्छक्र स्थिरो भव । मया त्वया च पूर्वैश्ष न स शक्‍्यो5तिवर्तितुम्‌,इन्द्र! वह काल ही सम्पूर्ण जगत॒को अपने वशमें कर लेता है; अतः तुम भी स्थिर रहो। मैं, तुम तथा हमारे पूर्वज भी कालकी आज्ञाका उल्लंघन नहीं कर सकते

ya idaṁ sarvam ādatte tasmāc chākra sthiro bhava | mayā tvayā ca pūrvaiś ca na sa śakyo 'tivartitum, indra! sa hi kālaḥ sampūrṇaṁ jagad ātmavaśaṁ karoti |

“He who takes away everything—therefore, O Śakra, remain steadfast. Neither I, nor you, nor even our forefathers can transgress him, O Indra; for Time brings the entire world under its control.”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्all, entire
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आदत्तेtakes, seizes, appropriates
आदत्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दा
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
शक्रO Śakra (Indra)
शक्र:
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्थिरःsteady, firm
स्थिरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवbe (become)
भव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperative, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूर्वैःby the former ones (ancestors)
पूर्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe/that (i.e., Time)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शक्यःpossible, able (to be)
शक्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अतिवर्तितुम्to overstep, to transgress
अतिवर्तितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + वृत्
FormTumun (infinitive)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श॒क्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
K
Kāla (Time)
P
pūrvāḥ (forefathers/ancients)
J
jagat (the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches equanimity before the inevitability of Kāla (Time): since Time ultimately takes away all things and subjugates the whole world, even gods and ancestors cannot overrule it; therefore one should remain steady and accept what cannot be prevented.

Śakra (Indra) speaks as an instructor, reminding the listener that Time is the supreme force governing change and loss. He urges steadfastness, emphasizing that neither he, nor Indra, nor their predecessors can violate the ordinance of Kāla.