Shloka 18
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
द्रव्यत्यागे तु कर्माणि भोगत्यागे व्रतान्यपि । सुखत्यागे तपो योगं सर्वत्यागे समापना,शास्त्रोंमें द्रव्यका त्याग करनेके लिये यज्ञ आदि कर्म, भोगका त्याग करनेके लिये व्रत, दैहिक सुखोंके त्यागके लिये तप और सब कुछ (अहंता, ममता, आसक्ति, कामना आदि) त्याग देनेके लिये योगके अनुष्ठानकी आज्ञा दी गयी है। यही त्यागकी चरम सीमा है
Bhīṣma uvāca: dravya-tyāge tu karmāṇi bhoga-tyāge vratāny api | sukha-tyāge tapo yogaṃ sarva-tyāge samāpanā ||
Bhīṣma said: For renouncing wealth, the scriptures prescribe ritual actions such as sacrifices; for renouncing enjoyments, they prescribe vows; for renouncing bodily pleasures, they prescribe austerity; and for renouncing everything—egoism, possessiveness, attachment, and craving—they prescribe the discipline of Yoga. This is taught as the culminating limit of renunciation.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Renunciation is graded: giving up wealth is supported by ritual duty; giving up pleasures by vows; giving up bodily comfort by austerity; but the highest renunciation is inner total letting-go—ego, possessiveness, attachment, and desire—fulfilled through Yoga.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira a hierarchy of practices, showing how external renunciations culminate in the inner, comprehensive renunciation taught as Yoga.