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Shloka 42

Vyaktāvyakta-Viveka and Nivṛtti as Paramā Gati

Manifest–Unmanifest Discrimination and the Supreme Path of Withdrawal

अग्निर्यथा हुपायेन मथित्वा दारु दृश्यते । तथैवात्मा शरीरस्थो योगेनैवात्र दृश्यते,जिस प्रकार अग्नि काष्ठमें व्याप्त रहनेपर भी काष्ठके चीरनेपर भी उसमें दिखायी नहीं देती, उसी प्रकार आत्मा शरीरमें रहता है, परंतु दिखायी नहीं देता--योगसे ही उसका दर्शन होता है। जैसे मन्थन आदि उपायोंद्वारा काष्ठको मथकर उनमें अग्निको प्रत्यक्ष किया जाता है, उसी प्रकार योगके द्वारा शरीरस्थ आत्माका साक्षात्कार किया जा सकता है

agnir yathā upāyena mathitvā dāru dṛśyate | tathaivātmā śarīrastho yogenaivātra dṛśyate ||

Bhīṣma explains that just as fire, though pervading wood, is not seen until the wood is churned by a proper method, so too the Self dwelling within the body is not directly visible; it is realized here only through yoga. The ethical point is that inner truth is not grasped by mere outward observation or argument, but by disciplined practice that reveals what is already present.

अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उपायेनby a means/method
उपायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मथित्वाhaving churned/ rubbed (by friction)
मथित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootमथ्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
दारुin the wood
दारु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदारु
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दृश्यतेis seen/appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Singular
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आत्माthe Self
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरीरस्थःsituated in the body
शरीरस्थः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशरीरस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योगेनby yoga
योगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवonly
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अत्रhere/in this (context)
अत्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
दृश्यतेis seen/is perceived
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
agni (fire)
D
dāru (wood)
Ā
ātman (Self)
Ś
śarīra (body)
Y
yoga