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Shloka 14

Brahmacarya-Upāya: Jñāna, Śauca, and the Mind’s Role in Desire (शान्ति पर्व, अध्याय २०७)

तस्मिन्नपि महाबाहो प्रादुर्भूते महात्मनि । तमसा पूर्वजो जज्ञे मधुर्नाम महासुर:,उन महाबाहु महात्मा ब्रह्माजीकी भी उत्पत्ति हो जानेपर वहाँ तमोगुणसे मधुनामक महान्‌ असुर प्रकट हुआ, जो असुरोंका पूर्वज था

tasminn api mahābāho prādurbhūte mahātmani | tamasā pūrvajo jajñe madhur nāma mahāsuraḥ ||

Bhīṣma said: “O mighty-armed one, even after that great-souled being had manifested, there arose from the principle of darkness (tamas) a mighty Asura named Madhu, who became the progenitor of the Asuras.”

तस्मिन्in that (place/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रादुर्भूतेwhen (he) had manifested / upon manifestation
प्रादुर्भूते:
Adhikarana
TypeParticiple
Rootप्रादुर्भू
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
महात्मनिin/when the great-souled one (Brahmā) (was present/manifest)
महात्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तमसाby darkness / by tamas (quality)
तमसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
पूर्वजःthe progenitor/ancestor
पूर्वजः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपूर्वज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जज्ञेwas born/arose
जज्ञे:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मधुःMadhu
मधुः:
Karta
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootमधु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name / named
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
महासुरःa great Asura/demon
महासुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहासुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (implied by address mahābāho)
M
Madhu
A
Asuras
T
tamas (the guṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames moral and cosmic disorder as arising from tamas (darkness/ignorance). Even alongside the manifestation of a great-souled creative principle, tamasic forces can emerge, becoming sources of further adharma; thus vigilance and cultivation of sattva are implied.

Bhīṣma describes an early cosmogonic episode: after the appearance of a great being (understood in the tradition as Brahmā or a primordial creator), a powerful Asura named Madhu is born from tamas and becomes an ancestral figure among the Asuras.