Shloka 4

जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः

Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment

Devanagari script

धनान्यपत्यं दाराक्ष रत्नानि विविधानि च । पन्थानं पावकं हित्वा जनको मौढ्यमास्थित:

Transliteration

dhanāny apatyaṃ dārāś ca ratnāni vividhāni ca | panthānaṃ pāvakaṃ hitvā janako mauḍhyam āsthitaḥ ||

Translation

Arjuna said: “Abandoning wealth, children, wife, and many kinds of jewels—and even forsaking the very path of purifying discipline—Janaka fell into delusion.”

Word by Word

• धनानि: wealths, riches
• धनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अपत्यम्: offspring, child
• अपत्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपत्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दाराः: wives
• दाराः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• रत्नानि: gems
• रत्नानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• विविधानि: various, manifold
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पन्थानम्: path, way
• पन्थानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथिन्/पन्थान्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पावकम्: fire
• पावकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पावक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• हित्वा: having abandoned, leaving
• Type: Verb
• Root: हा (जहाति)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• जनकः: Janaka (the king)
• जनकः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मौढ्यम्: folly, delusion
• मौढ्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मौढ्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आस्थितः: having resorted to, having adopted
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-स्था (तिष्ठति)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Janaka
• wealth (dhana)
• children (apatya)
• wife/spouse (dārāḥ)
• jewels (ratna)
• the purifying path/discipline (pāvaka panthā)