Shloka 1
Adhyāya 177: Pañca-mahābhūta-vicāra and Vṛkṣa-jīva-lakṣaṇa
Five Elements Inquiry and the Status of Plant Life
Devanagari script
(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके १६ शलोक मिलाकर कुल ४०३ श्लोक हैं) त्न्द्््ासस श्यु नाचज्ज्जभप्त्ज्स षट्सप्तरत्याधेकशततमो< ध्याय: त्यागकी महिमाके विषयमें शम्पाक ब्राह्णका उपदेश युधिछिर उवाच धनिनश्चाधना ये च वर्तयन्ते स्वतन्त्रिण: । सुखदुःखागमस्तेषां कः कथं वा पितामह
Transliteration
Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | dhaninaś cādhanā ye ca vartayante svatantriṇaḥ | sukhaduḥkhāgamās teṣāṃ kaḥ kathaṃ vā pitāmaha ||
Translation
Yudhiṣṭhira said: “O Grandfather, among those who live independently—whether wealthy or poor—how, and by whom, do experiences of happiness and sorrow come to them?”
Word by Word
धनिनःthe wealthy (persons)
धनिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अधनाःthe poor (persons)
अधनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
वर्तयन्तेconduct themselves / live / behave
वर्तयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
स्वतन्त्रिणःindependent, self-directed
स्वतन्त्रिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वतन्त्रिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सुखदुःखागमःthe coming/occurrence of pleasure and pain
सुखदुःखागमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुख-दुःख-आगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कःwho? / what (agent)?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पितामहO Grandfather (Bhishma)
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Characters & Entities
Y
YudhiṣṭhiraB
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes