Shloka 4

त्रिवर्गविचारः

Tri-varga Deliberation: Dharma, Artha, Kāma

Devanagari script

भारत! धर्मका यह मार्ग बहुत बड़ा है। इससे बहुत सी शाखाएँ निकली हुई हैं। इन धर्मोमेंसे कौनसा धर्म सर्वोत्तम, अवश्य पालन करनेयोग्य माना गया है? ।। धर्मस्य महतो राजन्‌ बहुशाखस्य तत्त्वतः । यन्मूलं परमं तात तत्‌ सर्व ब्रूहूशेषत:,राजन! बहुत-सी शाखाओंसे युक्त इस महान्‌ धर्मका वास्तवमें परम मूल क्या है? तात! ये सब बातें मुझे पूर्णरूपसे बताइये

Transliteration

dharmasya mahato rājan bahuśākhasya tattvataḥ | yanmūlaṃ paramaṃ tāta tat sarvaṃ brūhi aśeṣataḥ ||

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira asks: “O King, this great path of dharma is vast and spreads into many branches. In truth, what is its highest root—its supreme foundation? Dear one, tell me all of it completely, without leaving anything out.”

Word by Word

• धर्मस्य: of dharma
• धर्मस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• महतः: of the great
• महतः: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• बहु: many
• बहु: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (indeclinable-like in compounds), Singular

• शाखस्य: of (having) branches
• शाखस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाखा
• Form: Feminine, Genitive, Singular

• तत्त्वतः: in truth; essentially
• तत्त्वतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्त्वतः
• Form: true

• यत्: which (that)
• यत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• मूलम्: root; foundation
• मूलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• परम्: supreme; highest
• परम्: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तात: O dear one / O father
• तात: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वम्: all (of it)
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ब्रूहि: tell; speak
• ब्रूहि: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (ब्रवीति)
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अशेषतः: completely; without remainder
• अशेषतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अशेषतः
• Form: true

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• rājan (the king being addressed)