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Shloka 6

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

सर्वस्मिन्‌ दस्युसाद्‌ भूते पृथिव्यामुपजीवने । केनस्विद्‌ ब्राह्म॒णो जीवेज्जघन्ये काल आगते,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--प्रजानाथ! भरतनन्दन! भूपाल-शिरोमणे! जब सब लोगोंके द्वारा धर्मका उल्लंघन होनेके कारण श्रेष्ठ धर्म क्षीण हो चले, अधर्मको धर्म मान लिया जाय और धर्मको अधर्म समझा जाने लगे, सारी मर्यादाएँ नष्ट हो जाया, धर्मका निश्चय डावाँडोल हो जाय, राजा अथवा शत्रु प्रजाको पीड़ा देने लगें, सभी आश्रम किंकर्तव्यविमूढ़ हो जायूँ, धर्म-कर्म नष्ट हो जायूँ, काम, लोभ तथा मोहके कारण सबको सर्वत्र भय दिखायी देने लगे, किसीका किसीपर विश्वास न रह जाय, सभी सदा डरते रहें, लोग धोखेसे एक-दूसरेको मारने लगें, सभी आपसमें ठगी करने लगें, देशमें सब ओर आग लगायी जाने लगे, ब्राह्मण अत्यन्त पीड़ित हो जाय, वृष्टि न हो, परस्पर वैर-विरोध और फूट बढ़ जाय और पृथ्वीपर जीविकाके सारे साधन लुटेरोंके अधीन हो जाय, तब ऐसा अधम समय उपस्थित होनेपर ब्राह्मण किस उपायसे जीवन-निर्वाह करे?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | sarvasmin dasyu-sād bhūte pṛthivyām upajīvane | kena svid brāhmaṇo jīvej jaghanye kāla āgate ||

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “When, on this earth, the very means of livelihood have everywhere fallen under the power of bandits and plunderers, by what means should a brāhmaṇa sustain his life when such a most degraded time has arrived?”

सर्वस्मिन्in all / in the whole (situation)
सर्वस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
दस्यु-सात्under the control of robbers
दस्यु-सात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदस्यु + सात्
भूतेwhen it has become (so)
भूते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootभूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
पृथिव्याम्on earth
पृथिव्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
उपजीवनेin livelihood / means of subsistence
उपजीवने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउपजीवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
केनby what (means)
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
स्वित्indeed? / I wonder (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवेत्should live / should sustain himself
जीवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
जघन्येin the worst (time/condition)
जघन्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootजघन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कालेat a time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
आगतेwhen (it has) come / arrived
आगते:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + गम्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Locative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
brāhmaṇa
D
dasyu (bandits/robbers)
P
pṛthivī (earth)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical dilemma: when society collapses into lawlessness and the economy is dominated by predation, even those committed to dharma (here, the brāhmaṇa) must ask what legitimate means of survival remain. It introduces a discussion on permissible conduct and adaptive duty (āpaddharma) in extreme conditions.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira raises a practical question about survival during a time of widespread disorder—when bandits control livelihoods. He seeks guidance on how a brāhmaṇa should maintain life when normal social and moral structures have broken down.