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Shloka 1

Bala and Dharma in Kṣatriya Governance (बल-धर्म सम्बन्धः)

Devanagari script

ऑपन-माजल छा अ<-छकऋाज (आपडद्धर्मपर्व) एकत्रिशदधिकशततमो< ध्याय: आप्त्तिग्रस्त राजाके कर्तव्यका वर्णन युधिछिर उवाच क्षीणस्य दीर्घसूत्रस्य सानुक्रोशस्य बन्धुषु । परिशड्किततवृत्तस्य श्रुतमन्त्रस्य भारत,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--भरतनन्दन! जिसकी सेना और धन-सम्पत्ति क्षीण हो गयी है, जो आलसी है, बन्धु-बान्धवोंपर अधिक दया रखनेके कारण उनके नाशकी आशंकासे जो उन्हें साथ लेकर शत्रुके साथ युद्ध नहीं कर सकता, जो मन्त्री आदिके चरित्रपर संदेह रखता है अथवा जिसका चरित्र स्वयं भी शंकास्पद है, जिसकी मन्त्रणा गुप्त नहीं रह सकी है, उसे दूसरे लोगोंने सुन लिया है, जिसके नगर और राष्ट्रको कई भागोंमें बाँटकर शत्रुओंने अपने अधीन कर लिया है, इसीलिये जिसके पास द्रव्यका भी संग्रह नहीं रह गया है, द्रव्याभावके कारण ही समादर न पानेसे जिसके मित्र साथ छोड़ चुके हैं, मन्त्री भी शत्रुओंद्वारा फोड़ लिये गये हैं, जिसपर शत्रुदलका आक्रमण हो गया हो, जो दुर्बल होकर बलवान शत्रुके द्वारा पीड़ित हो और विपत्तिमें पड़कर जिसका चित्त घबरा उठा हो, उसके लिये कौन-सा कार्य शेष रह जाता है?--उसे इस संकटसे मुक्त होनेके लिये क्या करना चाहिये?

Transliteration

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kṣīṇasya dīrghasūtrasya sānukrośasya bandhuṣu | pariśaṅkitavṛttasya śrutamantrasya bhārata ||

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “O Bhārata, what course remains for a king whose strength and resources have been drained; who delays and procrastinates; who, out of excessive pity for his own kinsmen, cannot lead them to face the enemy for fear of their destruction; whose conduct is suspected (or who himself suspects the conduct of his counsellors); and whose counsel has been overheard and is no longer secret? When such a ruler is already pressed by calamity and shaken in mind, what should he do to free himself from this crisis?”

Word by Word

युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira

उवाचsaid

क्षीणस्यof one who is diminished/exhausted

दीर्घसूत्रस्यof one who is procrastinating/slow in action

सानुक्रोशस्यof one who is compassionate

बन्धुषुamong/with kinsmen

परिशङ्कितवृत्तस्यof one whose conduct is suspected

श्रुतमन्त्रस्यof one whose counsel/secret has been overheard

भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Yudhiṣṭhira

Bhārata (address/title)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames a rāja-dharma problem: when a ruler is weakened materially and psychologically, divided by misplaced compassion, and compromised by distrust and leaked strategy, he must seek a disciplined, realistic remedy—restoring secrecy, decisive action, reliable counsel, and protective measures—rather than drifting in delay and fear.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira questions the elder authority (addressed as ‘Bhārata’) about what a distressed king should do when his power is depleted, his decision-making is delayed, his inner circle is unreliable or suspected, and his strategic counsel has been exposed—setting up Bhīṣma’s instruction on conduct in political calamity.