Shloka 19
Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)
Devanagari script
तत्र धर्मविदां तात निश्चयो धर्मनैपुणम् उद्यमो नैपुणं क्षात्रे बाहुवीर्यादिति श्रुति:,तात! धर्मज्ञ पुरुषोंका निश्चय जैसे उनकी धर्म-विषयक निपुणताको सूचित करता है, उसी प्रकार बाहुबलसे अपनी उन्नतिके लिये उद्योग करना क्षत्रियकी निपुणताका सूचक है; यह श्रुतिका निर्णय है
Translation
“My son! Just as the resolve of those who know dharma reveals their mastery of dharma, so too striving for one’s advancement through strength of arm and warrior’s valor reveals the kshatriya’s mastery—such is the verdict of the Shruti.”
Word by Word
तत्रthere, in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
धर्मविदाम्of the knowers of dharma
धर्मविदाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तातO dear (son)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निश्चयःdecision, determination
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मनैपुणम्skill in dharma
धर्मनैपुणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मनैपुण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उद्यमःeffort, enterprise
उद्यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नैपुणम्skill, proficiency
नैपुणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनैपुण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षात्रेin the kshatriya-duty / in the warrior sphere
क्षात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
बाहुवीर्यात्from arm-strength/valour
बाहुवीर्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहुवीर्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतिःscriptural statement, tradition
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes