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Shloka 13

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

पदातिसंघाश्षाश्वौधै: पलायद्विर्भुशं हता: । भागते हुए हाथियोंने बहुत-से रथ तोड़ डाले, बड़े-बड़े रथोंने घुड़सवारोंको कुचल दिया और दौड़ते हुए अश्वसमूहोंने पैदल सैनिकोंको अत्यन्त घायल कर दिया ।। व्यालतस्करसंकीर्णे सार्थहीना यथा वने

padātisaṅghāś ca aśvaughaiḥ palāyadbhir bhuśaṃ hatāḥ | vyāla-taskara-saṅkīrṇe sārtha-hīnā yathā vane ||

Sañjaya said: The masses of infantry were grievously struck down by the fleeing torrents of horses. The battlefield, thrown into confusion by panic and trampling, looked like a forest where a caravan, bereft of its guides and order, is scattered amid beasts and bandits—an image of war’s collapse into lawlessness and fear.

पदाति-संघाःmasses of foot-soldiers
पदाति-संघाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति + संघ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्व-ओघैःby torrents/hosts of horses
अश्व-ओघैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व + ओघ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पलायत्fleeing
पलायत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपलाय्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
द्विःtwice; again and again
द्विः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्विस्
भृशम्exceedingly; greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृश
हताःslain; struck down
हताः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
व्याल-तस्कर-संकीर्णेin (a place) crowded with beasts and robbers
व्याल-तस्कर-संकीर्णे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याल + तस्कर + संकीर्ण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सार्थ-हीनाdeprived of their caravan/company
सार्थ-हीना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसार्थ + हीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाas; like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वनेin a forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
H
horses (aśvāḥ)
I
infantry (padātayaḥ)
F
forest (vana)
C
caravan (sārtha)
B
beasts (vyālāḥ)
B
bandits (taskarāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how quickly war dissolves social and moral order: once fear and flight take over, even one’s own forces become instruments of harm, and the scene resembles a lawless wilderness where the unprotected are prey to danger.

Sañjaya describes a rout and confusion in battle: rushing, fleeing masses of horses crush and grievously injure the infantry, and the field becomes like a forest where a caravan without leadership is scattered amid beasts and robbers.