Shloka 32

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

Devanagari script

तान्‌ प्रेक्ष्य द्रवत: सर्वान्‌ भीमसेनभयार्दितान्‌ | दुर्योधनस्तदा सूतमब्रवीद्‌ विजयाय च,भीमसेनके भयसे पीड़ित हुए अपने उन समस्त योद्धाओंको भागते देख दुर्योधनने विजयकी इच्छासे अपने सारथिसे कहा--

Transliteration

tān prekṣya dravataḥ sarvān bhīmasenabhayārditān | duryodhanas tadā sūtam abravīd vijayāya ca ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seeing all those warriors fleeing in panic, stricken by fear of Bhīmasena, Duryodhana then addressed his charioteer, driven by the desire for victory—seeking to rally and redirect the battle’s course despite the heavy burden of fear and collapse within his ranks.

Word by Word

• तान्: those (men)
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रेक्ष्य: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-ईक्ष्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• द्रवत: running, fleeing
• द्रवत: Karma
• Type: Participle
• Root: द्रवत्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• भीमसेनभयार्दितान्: afflicted by fear of Bhimasena
• भीमसेनभयार्दितान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीमसेन-भय-आर्दित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• सूतम्: the charioteer
• सूतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said, spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• विजयाय: for victory
• विजयाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विजय
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Duryodhana
• Sūta (Duryodhana’s charioteer)
• Kaurava warriors (implied)
• Pāṇḍava side (implied through Bhīma)