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Shloka 31

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

इस तरहकी बातें करते हुए सूंजयवीर अत्यन्त हर्षमें भरकर आपके भागते हुए योद्धाओंका पीछा करने लगे ।। धनंजयो रथानीकमभ्यवर्तत वीर्यवान्‌ | माद्रीपुत्री च शकुनिं सात्यकिश्न महारथ:,इसी समय पराक्रमी अर्जुनने आपकी रथसेनापर धावा किया। साथ ही नकुल-सहदेव और महारथी सात्यकिने शकुनिपर चढ़ाई की

sañjaya uvāca |

dhanañjayo rathānīkam abhyavartata vīryavān |

mādrīputrau ca śakuniṃ sātyakiś ca mahārathaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: As the Sṛñjayas spoke thus, filled with great joy, they began to pursue from behind your fleeing warriors. At that moment the mighty Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) charged straight into your chariot-host. Along with him, Mādrī’s two sons (Nakula and Sahadeva) and the great chariot-warrior Sātyaki advanced to attack Śakuni.

धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथानीकम्the chariot-division/army of chariots
रथानीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभ्यवर्ततattacked/advanced upon
अभ्यवर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + वृत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वीर्यवान्valiant, powerful
वीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माद्रीपुत्रौthe two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva)
माद्रीपुत्रौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्री + पुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शकुनिम्Śakuni
शकुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सात्यकिःSātyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महारथःa great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
R
Rathānīka (chariot-host)
M
Mādrī
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
Ś
Śakuni
S
Sātyaki

Educational Q&A

Even amid violent conflict, action is portrayed as purposeful and duty-bound: the Pāṇḍava side advances with resolve, aiming at decisive points (formations and key leaders). The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma as disciplined courage rather than uncontrolled fury.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna assaults the Kaurava chariot formation, while Nakula and Sahadeva together with Sātyaki move to attack Śakuni, indicating a coordinated push against both the enemy’s main force and a prominent strategist.