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Shloka 24

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

अद्य ज्ञास्यति संग्रामे माद्रीपुत्रौ सुदु:ःसहौ । निहते सौबले वीरे प्रवीरेषु च सर्वश:

adya jñāsyati saṅgrāme mādrīputrau suduḥsahau | nihate saubale vīre pravīreṣu ca sarvaśaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “Today, in the battle, the two sons of Mādrī—those fiercely unendurable warriors—will truly be known for what they are, now that the heroic Saubala has been slain and the foremost champions have been struck down on every side.”

अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
ज्ञास्यतिwill know/shall learn
ज्ञास्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormLṛṭ (simple future), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
Formmasculine, locative, singular
माद्रीपुत्रौthe two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva)
माद्रीपुत्रौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्रीपुत्र
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
सुदुःसहौvery hard to withstand
सुदुःसहौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुःसह
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
निहतेwhen (he) is slain / upon the slaying of
निहते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, locative, singular
सौबलेin/when the son of Subala (Śakuni)
सौबले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसौबल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
वीरेin the hero
वीरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
Formmasculine, locative, singular
प्रवीरेषुamong the foremost heroes
प्रवीरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवीर
Formmasculine, locative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वशःentirely; on all sides; in every way
सर्वशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वशः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Mādrī
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
S
Saubala (Śakuni)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how true capability and character are revealed under pressure: when prominent protectors fall and circumstances become severe, the real measure of warriors—and by extension people—becomes evident. It also reflects the Mahābhārata’s ethical realism: reputation is tested by action in crisis, not by prior claims.

Sañjaya reports a decisive moment in the Kurukṣetra war: with the Saubala hero (Śakuni) killed and many leading champions already brought down, attention turns to the two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva). The implication is that the battle’s balance is shifting, and their prowess will now stand out in the thinning ranks of great fighters.