Shloka 156

शल्यवधे कौरवसेनाभङ्गः, भीमस्य गदायुद्धं, दुर्योधनस्य समाह्वानम्

Rout after Śalya’s fall; Bhīma’s mace engagement; Duryodhana’s rally

Devanagari script

ते दृश्यन्तेडपि समरे तावका निहताः परै: । समरांगणमें आपके वे सैनिक शत्रुओंद्वारा मारे जाने लगे। कुछ योद्धा छिन्न-भिन्न हुए रथके पहियों और कुछ कटे हुए विशाल ध्वजोंके साथ ही धराशायी होते दिखायी देने लगे

Transliteration

te dṛśyante 'pi samare tāvakā nihatāḥ paraiḥ |

Translation

Sañjaya said: Even as they were seen on the battlefield, your own warriors were being struck down by the enemy. In the turmoil of combat, some fell shattered amid broken chariot-wheels, and others collapsed together with their great banners cut down.

Word by Word

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दृश्यन्ते: are seen/appear
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Present, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Plural

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तावकाः: your (men)/belonging to you
• तावकाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तावक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• निहताः: slain/killed
• Type: Participle
• Root: नि-हन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

• परैः: by others/by the enemies
• परैः: Karana
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied addressee: 'your')
• Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)
• enemy forces (paraiḥ)
• battlefield (samara)
• chariot wheels
• banners/standards (dhvaja, implied by the prose gloss)